A herniated disc occurs when the soft, gel-like center of a spinal disc pushes through a tear in its tougher exterior. This material may press on nearby nerves, leading to pain, numbness, or weakness in an arm or leg. When non-surgical treatments do not provide relief, your doctor might suggest a surgical procedure. Here is information about what happens during a herniated disc surgery:
Surgical Procedures
Several surgical options exist for treating a herniated disc. A standard procedure is a discectomy, where a surgeon removes the portion of the disc that is pressing on the nerve. This is sometimes performed through a small incision, and a special microscope is used to view the disc and nerves. Other procedures include a laminotomy and a laminectomy. In these procedures, the surgeon removes a small piece of bone called the lamina from the vertebral arch. This creates more space for the nerves, relieving pressure. In some situations, a spinal fusion might be performed to permanently connect two or more vertebrae, adding stability to the spine after a disc is removed.
Procedure Steps
On the day of your surgery, you will be brought to the operating room where the procedure will take place. Before surgery begins, you will be given anesthesia to verify that you are asleep and will not feel any pain during the operation. The surgical team will position your body face down on the operating table to give the surgeon access to the affected disc. Here are the steps after surgery begins:
- Accessing the Spine: The surgeon will make an incision in your back over the herniated disc to provide access to the damaged section of your spine. They will move the surrounding muscles and soft tissues aside to create a clear pathway to the spinal column.
- Removing the Herniated Disc or Bone Fragment: The surgeon uses specialized instruments to locate and remove the herniated disc that is causing compression on the nerve.
- Closing the Incision: After the disc has been removed, the surgeon will return the muscles and soft tissues to their original positions. The incision is then closed with stitches or surgical staples to make sure the wound is secure.
- Duration of the Surgery: The procedure usually takes a couple of hours, depending on the complexity of the case. The surgical team monitors you throughout the operation to verify your safety and well-being. After surgery is complete, you will be moved to a recovery area to begin your post-operative care.
Recovery Timelines
Recovery typically begins immediately after surgery. Many patients can walk within a few hours of the procedure, but the length of a hospital stay varies. Some people go home the same day, while others may stay overnight for observation. Your medical team will give you instructions on how to care for your incision and manage any discomfort.
Doctors may suggest some activity restrictions, such as avoiding bending, lifting heavy objects, and twisting your back shortly after surgery. Physical therapy can help restore strength and flexibility. The time frame for returning to work and normal activities varies for each person, though many begin light duties within a few weeks and resume more strenuous activities after a few months.
Schedule Herniated Disc Surgery Today
Undergoing surgery is a significant step in managing your back pain, and understanding the procedure and recovery helps you prepare. If you are experiencing persistent symptoms from a herniated disc, discuss your options with a specialist. Contact a spine pain specialist today to schedule a consultation and learn about treatment options.
