Skin cancer affects many people, and early detection helps improve treatment outcomes. Regular skin checks allow dermatologists to identify abnormal growths before they progress to advanced stages. Understanding what skin cancer is, recognizing its symptoms, and knowing what to expect during check-ups can help you take proactive steps toward prevention.
What Is Skin Cancer?
Skin cancer occurs when skin cells grow abnormally, and it is the most common form of cancer in the United States. The three main types are basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and melanoma. Basal cell carcinoma develops in the basal cells of the epidermis and grows slowly. Squamous cell carcinoma arises from the skin’s outer layer of squamous cells and can spread if left untreated.
Melanoma is the most serious type because it can metastasize quickly to other organs. It forms in melanocytes, the cells that produce skin pigment. Early detection through regular skin checks is valuable for all types, but it is particularly key for melanoma.
What Causes It?
Ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or tanning beds is the primary cause. UV rays damage the DNA in skin cells, leading to mutations that cause cells to grow uncontrollably. Cumulative sun exposure over a lifetime increases risk, and severe sunburns, especially during childhood, elevate the likelihood of developing skin cancer later in life. Other risk factors include having fair skin, a family history of skin cancer, and a weakened immune system.
What Are the Symptoms?
Symptoms vary depending on the type of cancer, but changes in the skin’s appearance are common indicators. Basal cell carcinoma often appears as a pearly or waxy bump, a flat, flesh-colored lesion, or a sore that heals and returns. Squamous cell carcinoma may present as a firm, red nodule or a flat lesion with a scaly, crusted surface.
Melanoma typically appears as a mole that changes in size, shape, or color, and it may develop irregular borders or multiple colors. The ABCDE rule helps identify melanoma: asymmetry, border irregularity, color variation, diameter larger than a pencil eraser, and evolving size or shape. Any new growth or sore that doesn’t heal within a few weeks warrants evaluation by a dermatologist.
What Do Skin Checks Involve?
A regular skin check begins with a full-body examination conducted by a dermatologist. The dermatologist inspects the skin from head to toe, and they examine moles, freckles, and any unusual spots. A dermatoscope, a specialized magnifying tool, may be used to get a closer look at suspicious areas.
How Are Regular Check-ups Beneficial?
Regular skin checks allow for early detection of skin cancer when it is most treatable. Basal cell and squamous cell carcinomas caught early can often be removed with simple procedures, and this helps minimize scarring and reduces the need for extensive treatment. Preventive care through regular check-ups also helps reduce the overall burden of treatment.
Check-ups monitor existing moles and identify new growths before they become problematic. Dermatologists can track changes over time, providing a baseline for comparison at future visits. Patients learn what to look for during self-examinations at home, and this helps them recognize warning signs between appointments.
Learn More About Prevention Today
Regular skin checks are a proactive approach to preventing and detecting cancer early. Scheduling annual appointments with a dermatologist, combined with monthly self-examinations, can save lives. Consult a specialist today and learn more about regular skin check-ups.
